人眼外肌滑车在眼眶立体空间的分布和组织形态学研究

Three-dimensional distribution and histological studies of extraocular muscle Pulley in human orbit

目的研究人眼外肌滑车(Pulley)的组织构成及其在眼眶内的立体空间分布情况。方法选取5例新鲜尸体眼眶,整体固定包埋,进行全眼眶连续冠状切片。相邻层面经Masson和VanGieson两种特殊染色及免疫组织化学染色后,从大体角度和在光镜下观察每个层面的组织结构。结果眼外肌滑车位于眼球赤道部直肌穿过筋膜囊的部位,为纤维环状结构,包绕每条眼外肌眶面。各直肌滑车之间形成连接带。眼外肌滑车及其连接带的主要成分为Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原纤维、弹力纤维及平滑肌。结论眼外肌滑车的组织构成及其在眼眶内的立体空间分布为其成为眼外肌的功能性止点提供了组织学和解剖学基础。

Objective To study the structure and three-dimensional distribution of extraocular muscle Pulley in orbit. Methods 5 fresh cadaver orbits were fixed in situ and serially sectioned at 4 μm thickness. Every nearby sections were stained using Masson＇ s trichrome, Van Gieson＇ stain and immunohistochemical staining, the stained tissue was examined by gross anatomy and light microscopy. Results Near the equator of the globe, extraocular muscle Pulleys were at the points where rectus penetrate posterior Tenon＇s fascia, encircling the rectus orbit side by fiber ring structure. There was Pulley Band among extraocular muscle Pulleys. The main composition of the Pulley and Pulley Band were collagen （ Ⅰ and Ⅲ type）, elastic and smooth muscle. Conclusion Constitution of Pulley provides dissection basis as the functional origins of the extraocular muscle. （Chin J Ophthalmol, 2005,41：821-825）