不同大豆品种磷吸收利用特性比较研究

Phosphorous Uptakes and Uses of Different Soybean Varieties

土壤缺磷和低磷利用率是现代农业生产发展的主要限制因素之一,筛选和培育磷高效吸收利用品种是提高磷素利用率的有效途径.采用土壤盆栽试验方法进行了不同大豆(G ly cine m ax(L.)M err.)品种磷吸收利用特性比较研究.结果表明,在缺磷和正常供磷条件下,不同大豆品种植株在株高、根干重、地上部干重、根冠比率、植株磷含量和其相对值、磷吸收量和其相对值、磷利用效率和其相对比值等方面表现出显著的差异,多数达到了极显著水平.相关分析表明,在缺磷条件下,大豆不同品种植株磷的利用效率及其相对比值与植株磷含量和磷吸收量以及它们的相对值呈显著或极显著负相关,植株磷含量与植株磷吸收量呈极显著正相关.以植株干物质量和其相对值、植株磷吸收量和其相对值以及植株磷利用效率为筛选指标,筛选出3个大豆磷高效品种.

Soil Phosphorous deficiency and low phosphorous use efficiency are one of the limiting factors in modern agricuhure and so it is the effective approach of improving phosphorous use efficiency to breed and adopt the soybean varieties with high phosphorous use efficiency. A pot experiment was conducted to comparatively study the uptakes and uses of different soybean varieties （Glycine max （L.） Merr, ）. The results indicated that under the circumstances of phosphorous deficiency and normal phosphorous supply,the different soybean varieties significantly differed in plant height;dry root weight ,dry aboveground biomass; root/shoot ratio ,plant phosphorous content and its relative value ,plant phosphorous uptake and its relative value,phosphorous use efficiency and its relative values and extremely significantly differed in most of the respects. The correlation analysis showed that under the circumstances of phosphorous deficiency, the phosphorous use efficiencies and their relative values of the different soybean varieties appeared to significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlate with the plant phosphorous contents and uptakes and their relative values but the plant phosphorous contents came out to significantly positively correlate with the phosphorous uptakes. In terms of the plant dry biomasses and their relative values,the plant phosphorous uptakes and their relative values ,and the plant phosphorous use efficiencies and their relative values, three soybean varieties were chosen as the varieties with high phosphorous efficiency.