广东地区聋儿助听器验配情况分析

Analysis of the characteristics of matching hearing aids in deaf children in Guangdong Province

目的:探讨广东省内不同经济发展水平地区聋儿助听器验配特点与社会经济发展水平的相关性。方法:选取广东地区常住居民家庭中首次配戴助听器的聋儿,按其家庭常居住地的社会经济发展水平的差异,分为经济较为发达的珠江三角洲地区(包括广州、深圳、珠海、佛山、东莞、中山)和经济相对欠发达的广东其他地区两大组,分别比较其第1次助听器验配时的年龄及性别比例、耳聋程度和助听器种类(数码/模拟)的选择。结果:①广东地区第1次配戴助听器聋儿的平均年龄为3.82岁,男、女比例为1.47∶1,地区间差异不明显;②珠江三角洲地区第1次配机时残余听力听性脑干诱发电位Ⅴ波阈值超过90dBnHL的聋儿比例为86.36%,广东其他地区为93.85%,远比珠江三角洲地区高;③珠江三角洲地区第1次配戴助听器时选择数码助听器的聋儿为75.57%,广东其他地区为65.38%。结论:聋儿助听器验配特点与当地的社会经济发展水平密切相关;广东地区配戴助听器聋儿的男、女性别比例存在巨大差异,有待进一步探讨。

Objective：To explore the characteristics of matching hearing aids in different districts with various economic levels. Method：The deaf children were divided into two groups： one group came from district with poor economic level, another came from district with flourishing economic level. The age of first matching hearing aids, sex proportion,degree of hearing loss and type of hearing aids （digital/simulation） were analyzed. Result： ① The average age of first matching hearing aids was 3.82 years old;male： female= 1. 47 ： 1. No significant difference was observed between two different district. ②The proportion of deaf children whose response threshold of wave V was above 90dBnHL was 86.36% in district with flourishing economic level,whereas it was 93.85% in district with poor economic level. ③The proportion of deaf children whose first hearing aids were digital was 75.57% in district with flourishing economic level. It was 65.38% in district with poor economic level. Conclusion： A significant correlation is found between characteristics of matching hearing aids and economic level. The reason that the difference of sex proportion is enormous must be studied in further studies.