毛囊蠕形螨的发育形态观察和存活适温范围研究

Observations on morphology and the survival temperature range of Demodex folliculorum

采用挤压涂片法或透明胶纸粘贴法获取毛囊蠕形螨,在数码显微镜Motic DM B5软件系统下进行动态观察、拍摄和测量;然后对离体蠕形螨按批随机分组,观察不同温度下虫体的存活时间和活动力.结果系统地展示了毛囊蠕形螨发育过程各个时期的动态照片,发现毛囊蠕形螨的前若虫期有足4对,若虫期具有活动能力.离体实验表明,毛囊蠕形螨耐低温而不耐高温;存活适温范围在8～30℃之间,发育适温范围在20～30℃之间,发育最适温度为25～26℃;0℃以下或37℃以上温度对蠕形螨生存不利,54℃为致死温度,58℃为有效灭螨温度.这一研究结果为蠕形螨的体外培养和防治工作提供了可靠的理论依据.

The mites of Demodex folliculorum were collected by the squeezing method and cellophane tape method. Screened using a digital microscopy with the Motic DM B5 software, the mites were then randomly divided into different groups and put under various temperatures to determine the survival time and moving activity. Dynamic pictures of the D. folliculorum development process were given. It was found that D .folliculorum at pre-nymph stages has four pairs of legs and the nymph has moving ability. D. folliculorum could survive better in low temperature than in high temperature. The survival temperature range of D.folliculorum was 8-30℃; the suitable development temperature range was 20-30℃ , of which the most suitable temperature range was 25-26℃ . Extreme temperatures below 0℃ or above 37℃ were harmful to the survival of mites. The lethal temperature for D .folliculorum was 54℃, and the effective temperature in killing D .folliculorum was 58℃ . The results may be used to guide the in vitro cultivation, prevention and control of D .folliculorum.