广东四个墨兰品种的核型研究

Karyotypes of Four Cymbidium sinense Cultivars in Guangdong

研究了广东四个墨兰品种金嘴墨兰、银边墨兰、企剑黑墨和企剑白墨的染色体数目和核型。结果表明,企剑黑墨和企剑白墨的染色体数目为2n=40,为二倍体,核型公式分别为:2n=2x=40=30m+10sm和2n=2x=40=2M+36m+2st;金嘴墨兰和银边墨兰的染色体数目为2n=41,为非整倍体。4个墨兰品种的染色体结构主要由中部着丝粒染色体组成,除银边墨兰为1B型外,其它均为2B型。

The karyotypes of four Cymbidium sinense cultivars were studied. Somatic chromosome numbers of cultivars ‘Qijianheimo＇ and ‘Qijianbaimo＇ are 2n=40 （diploid）, the karyotype formulas being 2n=2x=40=30m＋10sm and 2n=2x=40=2M＋36m＋2st, respectively. However, the chromosome number of cultivars ‘Jinzui＇ and ‘Yinbian＇ are 2n=41 and are aneuploid. The chromosome structures of all the four cultivars mainly consist of metacentric chromosomes. According to Stebbins＇ classification of karyotypic asymmetry, the karyotype of cv. ‘Yinbian＇ is of 1B type, and that the other three of 2B type.