顺铂所致的周围神经毒性及其防治措施

Peripheral neurotoxicity of cisplatin and prevention methods

顺铂是一种对各种实体瘤疗效显著的抗肿瘤药物,但以顺铂为基础的化疗方案往往伴随一些毒副作用。自从用水化方案大大降低了肾毒性后,其周围神经毒性就成为剂量限制性毒性。顺铂所致周围神经毒性的机制可能与背根神经节中神经元的DNA损伤有关。目前用来防治其神经毒性的药物有维生素E、org2766、还原型谷胱甘肽、尼莫地平、神经生长因子、氨磷汀等。

Cisplatin is one of the most active antineoplastic agents for the treatment of various malignant tumors. Unfortunately, cisplatin-based regiments are often associated with a number of notorious side effects. Ideally, hydration is the most important aspect of treatment to reduce the risk of nephrotoxicity. The peripheral neurotoxicities by cisplatin-based regimen are dose-dependent. Although the exact mechanism of cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity is not understood, several studies showed that it is associated with the DNA damage of neuron cell in the dorsal root ganglion （DRG）. Currently, some of drugs, such as Vitamin E, org2766, GSH, nimodipine, NGF and amifostine, have been used to prevent the cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity.