广西融水苗族3个STR基因座的群体遗传学研究

A Study of the Polymorphisms of 3 STR Loci in the Miao Ethnic Group of Rongshui,Guangxi Province

为了解广西融水苗族人群无关个体的3个短串联重复序列(short tandem repeat,STR):HUMCSF1PO,HUMTPOX,HUMTH01遗传多态性分布情况,本文用枸橼酸钠抗凝法采集血样,酚—氯仿抽提法提取DNA,应用复合扩增技术对血样DNA的3个STR基因座进行扩增和检测。结果显示:在三个STR位点共检测出19种等位基因,48种基因型,频率分布分别在0.0024—0.4663和0.0048—0.3173之间;基因型的分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P>0.05)。计算种族、民族之间的遗传距离,并对之进行比较得出:广西融水苗族与美国高加索人及美国非洲人存在显著差异,且与美国非洲人之间的差异大于与美国高加索人之间的差异;广西融水苗族与广西侗族的关系近于与其他少数民族的关系。

To investigate the distribution of three short tandem repeat （STR） loci in the Miao ethnic group of the Guangxi Rongshui. We collected sodium-citrated blood specimens from 208 （ male 102, female 106） healthy unrelated Miao individuals in Guangxi Rongshui, and used the phenol-chloroform method to extract DNA. By using the AmpFeSTR IdentifilerTM PCR Amplification Kit and 3100 Genetic Analyzer, 19 alleles and 48 genotypes of three STR were observed. The allele frequency and genotype frequency were 0.002 4-0.466 3 and 0.004 8-0. 317 3, respectively. The expected and observed genotype distributions of three loci according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was given at P 〉 0.05. Genetic distance with 3 STR data showed that there were significant differences between Guangxi Rongshui Miao national minorities with American Caucasians and American Blacks. There was little difference between Guangxi Rongshui Miao national minorities and the Guangxi Dong.