太阳紫外高分辨观测

High Resolution Ultraviolet Observations of the Sun

对近年来的紫外空间观测仪器（包括在研项目）作了扼要介绍，并对一些关键问题如烃基污染致使仪器灵敏度迅速下降，镜面紫外反射率低下及改进，探测器换代的必要性和困难等作了评述。文中还介绍了目前已取得的紫外观测结果对宁静太阳及太阳活动区物理中的一些基本问题如色球和日冕加热，太阳风的加速，色球和过渡区中的物质流以及耀斑触发和能量传输方面所提供的有价值的诊断信息。

The Ultraviolet waveband is the only one in which the entire outer solar atmosphere, forming chromosphere to corona, can be accessed. After describing the recent solar ultraviolet instrumentation, some key problems in ultraviolet observations are reviewed, such as the rapid loss of the sensitivity due to the contamination with hydrocarbons, the low efficiency of normal incidence optics in ultraviolet region and the necessity and difficulties in changing detector technologies.Also mentioned in this paper are the recent observation results in ultraviolet and the valuable information infered from about the coronal and chromospheric heating, the acceleration of solar wind, the downflows over sunspot umbrae, the onset of the solar flares and their energy transport.