运动时补液对老年人心率和血压的影响

Effects of Fluid Supplementation on the Elder’s Cardiovascular Function during Exercise in Different Durations

目的:观察服用不同饮料对不同持续时间运动的老年人的心率和血压的影响。方法:99名健康的老年女性教师(6 0～6 4岁)随机分为运动对照组、运动补凉开水组、运动补佳得乐组,各组又分为2 0分钟组、4 0分钟组和6 0分钟组。运动对照组运动前、运动中均不补液,两个补液组在运动前、运动中分别补充凉开水或佳得乐饮料,检测各组对象运动前、运动后即刻及运动后第10分钟的心率、血压、体温、出汗量。结果与结论:(1) 2 0分钟运动引起老年人心率、血压、体温、出汗量的变化不显著(P >0 . 0 5 ) ,4 0分钟运动引起上述指标有不同程度的反应,但6 0分钟持续运动有可能对老年人的身体机能产生某些不良影响,对有心血管病史的老年人可能会增加诱发心血管意外的危险。(2 )与运动对照组比较,运动补液组(补凉开水组和补佳得乐组)运动中的心率、血压、体温、出汗量低于对照组,运动后恢复较快,4 0分钟组和6 0分钟组变化更明显,其中又以补佳得乐组效果更佳,但出汗量在补凉开水组和补佳得乐组之间无明显差异(P >0 .0 5 )。

Objective To observe the effects of supplementing fluid during exercise on the elder＇ s HR and BP in different durations. Methods 99 female teachers （60 - 64 years old） were randomly assigned into exercise control group and two exercise ＋ fluid supplementation groups with 33 subjects in each group （each group was averagely subdivided into 20min group, 40min group, 60min group）. Exercise group did not supplement fluid before and during exercise ; Exercise ＋ fluid supplementation groups were supplied with cool boiled - water or “Gatorade”drinks before and during exercise. The HR, BP, T and weight - loss of each group before exercise, immediately and ten minutes after exercise were respectively measured. Results and Conclusions （1）20min exercise had little effects on the elder＇s HR, BP, T and weight- loss. 40min exercise led to different changes of the above indexes, however if the exercise time was longer than 60min, it might caused some negative influence on the elder＇s cardiovascular function, and probably increased risks of cardiovascular diseases. （2）When compared with exercise control group, the HR, BP, T and weight - loss of exercise ＋ fluid supplementation groups during exercise were all lower and got quick recovery after exercise （the findings were more significant in 40min and 60min groups）, and the effects of exercise ＋ supplementing “Gatorade”group were even better, but the weight - loss was not obvious between exercise ＋ supplementing cool boiled - water groups and exercise ＋ supplementing “Gatorade”groups.