不同肥料配比对饲料稻产量及产量构成因子的影响

The Effects of Different Ration of N,P,K Fertilizer on the Grain Yield and Constitutor in Forage Rice

为寻找最优配比提供参考,并进一步从理论上补充完善该项优化技术,同时也从栽培的角度探讨协调水稻超高产、高蛋白质的可能性.研究不同N,P,K配比组合施肥技术对早稻饲料稻品种的目标性状的影响,采用分成3个正交区组的正交旋转组合设计建立了湘早籼24的产量函数模型,检验结果表明回归模型是可能的.综合寻优湘早籼24产量最高的施肥方案是N,P2O5,K2O比例为1∶0.6∶0.7,利润也最高;湘早籼的最高产量为9 534.39 kg/hm2,最佳利润为5 804.1元/hm2,3种肥料对湘早籼24产量的一次项的正向作用大小依次为氯化钾、过磷酸钙、尿素,二次项的负向作用大小依次是尿素、氯化钾、过磷酸钙.说明在达到最高产量点以前的增产作用大小依次为氯化钾、过磷酸钙、尿素,超过最高产量点以后的减产作用大小依次为尿素、氯化钾、过磷酸钙.

Different ratio of N, P, K fertilizer application technique was used in this research to study its effect on the objective properties of different early forage rice varieties.Study showed that the optimum ratio can be used as a reference and also can be used to further improve the technique in theory.At the same time, the probability of high yield and high protein content in the grain through cultivation technique was also studied. Optimumized fertilizer application program was based on the established mathematical model.The function of yield to the ratio on Xiangzaoxian24 was obtained through three orthogonal districts of orthogonal rotation combination.The tested results also showed the effectiveness of this model. So, based on the model, the maximum yield and profit fertilizer application technique on Xiangzaoxian24 was at the ratio of N ： P2O5 ： K2O equal to 1 ： 0.6 ： 0.7; the maximum yield and profit of Xiangzaoxian24 was 9 534.39 kg/hm^2 and 5 804.1 yuan/hm^2 respectively.Under the condition of this study, according to the degree of the positive effect on Xiangzaoxian24, the positive effect of linear item of three kinds of fertilizers are in the order of potassium chloride and calcium super phosphate and urea.The negative effect of quadratic item was in the order of urea potassium chloride and calcium super phosphate.That is to say, the yield increasing effect before realizing maximum yield was urea〉potassium chloride〉calsium super phosphate in sequence, but after maximum yield, the yield decreasing effect was urea〉potussium chloride〉calcium super phosphate.