不同植物蛋白质对生长期大鼠脂代谢的影响

Effects of different plant proteins on the lipids metabolism of the growing rats

目的:以酪蛋白为对照,观察大豆蛋白、花生蛋白、麦绿素(叶蛋白)三种植物蛋白质对生长期大鼠脂代谢的影响。方法:36只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组,分别饲喂含20%酪蛋白、20%大豆蛋白、20%花生蛋白和14%酪蛋白加6%麦绿素的人工半合成饲料,5周后测定其肝脏和血清的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的浓度。结果:四组大鼠血清TC水平无显著差异(P>0.05),除花生蛋白组TG水平显著低于对照组外,其它各组TG水平无显著差异;大豆蛋白组血清HDL-C和LDL-C水平与对照组相当,而花生蛋白组和麦绿素添加组血清HDL-C均显著高于对照组和大豆蛋白组(P<0.01),而其LDL-C水平显著低于对照组;与对照组相比,花生蛋白组和大豆蛋白组肝脏TG水平显著降低(P分别为<0.05和<0.01),麦绿素添加组TC水平显著升高(P<0.01);花生蛋白组的肝脏LDL-C水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:大豆蛋白和花生蛋白均能降低实验大鼠肝脏TG水平,花生蛋白还能显著降低大鼠血清TG、LDL-C及肝脏LDL-C水平,提高血清HDL-C水平。

Objective： To study the effects of different plant proteins on the lipids metabolism of the growing rats. Methods ：36 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided to four groups, they were fed semi-synthetic diet contained 20% casein （group 1 ）, 20% soybean protein （ group 2）, 20% peanut protein （ group 3 ） and 6% green leave protein add 14% casein （group 4） individually. After 5 weeks, the rats serum and liver cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG）, high density liporotein （HDL-C） and low density liporotein （LDL-C） were determined. Results：The serum TC levels of the rats in four groups were no difference （P 〉 0.05 ）, but serum TG levels of group 3 was significantly lower than of the group 1. Serum HDL-C and LDL-C levels of the rats in group 2 were near to the rats in group 1, and serum HDL-C levels of the rats in group 3 and group 4 were significantly higher than in group 1 and group 2, but serum LDL-C levels were significantly lower than group 1 （P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with the rats of group 1, liver TG levels of group 3 and group 2 were significantly lower, liver TC levels of the rats in group 4 were significantly higher （P 〈 0.01 ）. Liver LDL-C levels in group 3 were significantly lower than in group 1. Conclusion：Peanut protein and soybean protein can decreased the TG levels in liver of rats, and peanut protein can significantly lowered down the TG and LDL-C levels in serum, LDL-C levels in liver, it also can improved the HDL-C levels in serum.