部分慢性病症患病率与年龄的相关性

Age-related changes in some chronic diseases

目的探讨慢性疾病年龄相关性改变的规律。方法对某大型企业在职和离退休职工进行血糖、血症、血尿酸、乙型肝炎病毒5项指标、心电图、B型超声波、X线胸片、血压和眼科检查。结果患病率占前15位的病症分别是高血压(37.7%)、脂肪肝(32.7%)、高血脂症(21.4%)、心肌缺血(16.7%)、肝囊肿(14.1%)、白内障(14.0%)、肝胆结石(7.8%)、高血糖(6.3%)、心脏传导阻滞(6.1%)、肺结核(5.9%)、胆囊炎(5.6%)、胆囊息肉(5.5%)、乙型肝炎病毒及其表面抗原携带(4.0%)、心律失常(2.6%)和高尿酸血症(0.6%)。多数疾病患病率与年龄正相关,但改变的模式差异很大。结论高血压、高血脂症、心肌缺血为部分企业人群中的主要慢性疾病,三者的患病率均呈年龄相关性增加。

Objective To investigate the regularity of age- related changes in some chronic diseases. Methods Some indexes such as blood glucose, blood lipid, blood uric acid, HBV 5 indexes were detected in the employees and the refired of a large - scale enterprise electrocardiogram, B type ultrasound, chest x - ray, blood pressure and an ophthalmology examination was also taken. Results As for prevalence,the first was hyp？. rtension（37.7%） ,the second is adiposis hepatica （32.7%）, subsequently, hyperlipemia （ 21.4% ）, heart muscle ischemia （ 16.7% ）, Hepatic cyst （ 14. 1% ）, cataract （ 14.0% ）, gallstone （7.8 % ）, hyperglycemia （6.3 % ）, heart block （ 6.1% ）, pulmonary tuberculosis （ 5.9 % ）, cholecystitis （5.6 % ） gallbladder polypus （ 5.5 % ）, HB virus and surface antigen - phore （ 4.0 % ）, arrhythmia （ 2.6 % ）, hyperuricemia （0.6%） .Most of the prevalence of chronic diseases varied with age,but the change mode had significant differences, the most common was age - related increase. Conclusion Hypertension, hyperlipemia, heart muscle ischemia are the major chronic diseases in enterprise crew, their prevalence retes increase with age.