小麦幼胚培养器官发育途径的组织形态学及量性分析

Histomorphology and Quantity Analysis on Ways of Organs Developed from Immature Embryo Culture in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

将脱分化培养阶段的总的愈伤组织剖分为叶状体绿区化愈伤组织和非叶状体绿区化愈伤组织,对叶状体绿区化愈伤组织发育为根、芽器官的百分比,以及器官起源的组织形态学进行了研究。结果表明,小麦幼胚培养中既存在不定芽、不定根的发育,又存在完整小苗的发育,其中,不定芽和完整小苗,均起源于致密或颗粒型愈伤组织分生区的细胞。通过对体细胞胚胎发生与器官再生途径之间器官发育和生长优劣特点的比较与讨论,认为小麦幼胚培养的器官发育是以体细胞胚胎化途径为主,伴随器官再生途径的双重营养器官建成体系。

In this paper, immature embryos in bread wheat （ Triticum aestivum L. ） were cultured to investigate ways of organ development. The results show that not only adventitious buds and roots, also complete plantlets are produced in the culture. Both the adventitious buds and complete plantlets are derived from meristems of compact or pellet-like calli. The characters of organ development and growth between somatic embryo and organ regeneration ways are compared. It suggests that the organs of immature embryo culture are developed from the dual systems including the main way of somatic embryo and the accompanying way of organ regeneration in wheat.