冬小麦高产种质抗旱性配合力分析

An Analysis of the Drought Resistance Combining Ability of Winter Wheat with High Yield Genotypes

采用Griffing方法Ⅰ,分析了不同双亲抗旱性组合类型对后代抗旱性的影响及其亲本间抗旱性的一般配合力、特殊配合力和反交效应,同时对抗旱性主要遗传参数进行了分析。结果表明:冬小麦抗旱性是数量性状,具有较高的广义遗传力和较低的狭义遗传力以及超显性遗传特点,存在明显的核质互作效应。其抗旱性遗传背景是由加性基因、非加性基因和细胞核基因共同构成;基因的加性效应对后代抗旱性的影响因亲本和组合而异;抗旱性遗传基因的表达,不仅取决于基因的加性效应和非加性效应,而且还受正反交效应的影响。高产种质杂种后代的抗旱性状宜在较高世代进行选择。

With Griffing procedure Ⅰ, the influence of the combination of different high yield genotypes of winter wheat on the drought resistance of their offspring, the general combining ability, the specific combiuing ability and the back-cross effect between parents and the main genetic parameters for drought resistance were analyzed. The result indicated that the drought resistance of winter wheat was a complex and quantitative trait, and genetically characterized by a higher broad-sense heritability and lower narrow-sense heritability and overdominance and showed a marked nuclear-cytoplasm interaction. The genetic background was mainly composed of additive, non-additive and nuclear genes. The influence of the genetic additive effect on the drought resistance of the offspring varied with parents and combinations. The expression of drought resistance inheritance gene was determined not only by the additive and non-additive gene effect but also by cross and back cross effect. The drought resistance trait of the cross-breeding offsprings with high yield genotypes ought to make selection at higher generation.