温度对棉花生长发育及幼胚离体培养的影响研究初报

Primary Studies on Accelerating Growth and Development and Immature Embryo Culture in Vitro of Cotton

研究了温度与棉花生长发育及幼胚离体培养的关系.结果表明:不同类型的棉花品种,在日均气温25 ℃以上、≥20 ℃有效积温不低于257.7 ℃且有较好的光照条件下,均能在57～60 d内完成从播种至开花的生育进程;棉花开花后,日均气温达到26.3 ℃、≥20 ℃有效积温达到115.9 ℃时,开花18 d的胚(冀棉298),在28 ℃左右离体培养10 d就能成苗,88 d就可以完成1个世代,从而可使棉花在能调控温度、湿度和光照条件的温室中1 a完成4代.

The relationship between air temperature and plant growth and development and embryo developlnent of cotton was studied. It indicated that it needed 57-60 days from sowing to early blooming in the conditions that the average air temperature was above 25℃ , accumulated effective temperature above 20℃ was more than 257.7 ℃ , and sunlight was sufficient. 18days immature embryos, in the developmental conditions that the average air temperature was above 26.3℃ , accumulated effective temperature above 20℃ was more than 115.9℃ could be regenerated into seedlings in 10days in vitro culture. In this way one generation of cotton could be completed in 88 days. It is presumed that 4 generations per year can be completed in the greenhouse with advisable temperature, humidity and light.