海南坡鹿饲草养分含量比较

Comparison of nutrient content of the forage grazed byHainan Eld's Deer

在海南大田国家级自然保护区围栏内采集海南坡鹿Cervus eldi hainanus主要采食的草本和灌木类饲草样本各18种,测定其粗蛋白(CP)、10种限制性氨基酸(LAAs)、粗脂肪(EE)、无氮浸出物(NEF)、粗灰分(CA)、粗纤维(CF)、钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、锌(Zn)和铜(Cu)含量。结果显示,按旱季与雨季的平均值,灌木类饲草的CP,LAAs,Ca,Fe,Mn,Zn和Cu含量分别为13.43%,6.46%,0.72%,206.88,53.36,22.52和13.00 mg/kg,显著高于草本类的9.75%,3.87%,0.45%,110.70,29.66,11.03和6.75 mg/kg(P<0.05);EE含量为3.75%,高于草本类的3.25%,但差异不显著(P>0.05);NEF和CA含量为44.23%和15.73%,与草本类的45.39%和15.74%相近;水和CF含量为65.83%和21.70%,显著低于草本类的70.16%和24.71%(P<0.05)。研究表明,草本类饲草四大有机养分含量的总和值与灌木类相当,说明海南坡鹿通过增加对草本类饲草的采食量可以从围栏内获得充分的能量需求;灌木类饲草的蛋白质和微量元素含量显著优于草本类,虽然围栏内的可获得资源量远比草本类小,但比草本类耐旱,是坡鹿在旱季维持营养平衡供给的重要来源。

Forage samples of 36 species （18 grass and 18 shrub species）, which were grazed by Hainan eld＇s deer in regularity, were collected from the habitat of Hainan Datian National Nature Reserve enclosure, and the content of water, aether extract （EE）, crude ash （CA）, nitrogen-free extract （NFE）, crude protein （CP）, 20 essential amino acids （AAs）, crude fibre （CF）, iron （Fe）, manganese （Mn）, zinc （Zn） and copper （Cu） of each forage sample was determined. The study showed that, on the average of dry season and wet season for shrub forage, the CP, LAAs, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content, 13. 43%, 6.46%, 0. 72%, 206. 88, 53. 36,22.52 and 13. 00 mg/kg separately, was significantly higher than that of grass forage, 9. 75%, 3.87%, 0.45o//00, 110. 70,29.66,11.03 and 6. 75 mg/kg, respectively （P〈0.05）;EE content, 3. 75%, was higher than that of grass forage, 3.25 %, but the difference was not significant （P^0. 05） ;NFE and CA content, 44. 23% and 15.73~//00, was similar to that of grass forage, 45. 39% and 15. 74%, respectively;water and CF content, 65. 83% and 21. 70%, was significantly lower than that of grass forage, 70. 16% and 24. 71%, respectively （P〈0.05）. The study revealed that, grass forage, containing abundance of organic nutrient, was the main energy supply for the eld＇s deer in the enclosure. However, shrub forage, containing higher content of CP and some important microelements, was the important supply for the eld＇s deer to get a balanced nutrition requirement based on such an unsuited habitat that the dry season in Datian region is so long that grass forage faded for a very long time.