过渡时期的磨难:异端与宽容——英国宗教改革前的信仰宽容问题

Excruciation in the Time of Transition: Heathendom and Tolerance——Research on Belief Tolerance before Religious Reform in England

宗教改革之前,教会在英国的权势始终没有达到象西欧大陆那样君临一切的主宰地步。教会对思想的压制,也从未达到象西欧大陆那样骇人听闻的地步。这一时期英国少有异端,教会及社会对异端的态度一般都不极端。在不同程度上,社会对信仰宽容的默许和容忍,是宗教改革前英国宗教和社会的基本状况,也构成了英国宗教改革的特殊背景。

Before the Religious Reform, the English Church had never had the overwhelming sovereignty in England, and had never reached the horrifying state as that in west Europe. At that time, there were few heathens, and the Church and the society did not exercise an extreme attitude to them. There was prevailing tacit consent to the belief tolerance, which is the main situation in England before the Religious Reform in the English Church and society, and is also the specific background of the English Religious Reform.