历史与苦难的缺席——对形式主义文论纯技术主义倾向的反思

The Absence of History and Misery: Reflections on Formalism's Technical Tendency in Literary Criticism

形式主义是以反叛者的面目出现在文论史上的,它们所要反对的是实证主义在文学研究中的中心地位,但客观地说形式主义仍然未能摆脱现代实证主义和技术主义的窠臼,只不过它们把实证主义和技术主义的落脚点放在了文学作品的形式之上。因而,不可避免地对历史和苦难则采取了回避的态度。本文拟从形式主义文论影响下的中国当代文学为出发点来探讨形式主义文论的缺憾之处,并针对中国文学提出价值重铸的问题。

Formalism came into the history of literary study by revolting against the standing of positivim. As a matter of fact, formalism is not able to break away from the patterns of positivism and technicism. Formalists only emphasize their litcrary criticism on the form of literary works. Therefore, they inevitably try to evade the aspects of history and misery. This article discusses the weak points of formalism＇ s literary criticism through the analysis of contemporary Chinese literature.Based on that, the article also asks for the revaluation of Chinese literature.