小麦抽穗期与开花期的关系及其遗传研究

Relationship between Heading and Flowering Stagesand Its Inheritance in Wheat

研究结果表明,小麦抽穗期和开花期均可作为小麦熟期早晚的指标,对纯合亲本的研究表明,抽穗期与开花期的相关系数,第一年r＝0.9514,第二年,r=0.9337,年度间的差异很小.据R.M.Jones分析法,F_1抽穗期的a和b_1极显著,b_2显著,而F_1开花期的a和b_1极显著,b_2不显著.据Hayman方法分析,两者的D均极显著,H_1H_2h^2和F均达显著或极显著水平,两者的平均显性度(H_1/D^(1/(H_1/D))分别为0.347和0.322,均为部分显性;两者的显性都指向减效,抽穗期的狭义遗传力为89.77%,开花期则为93.75%.本文对F_2代的遗传也进行了论述.

Both heading and flowering stages of wheat development could be considered as the maturing index. In-vestigation of homozygous parents showed that the coefficient of correlation between heading and noweringstages was 0.95l4** in the 1st year and 0. 9337** in the 2nd year, with little difference during the twoyears. Analysis according to R. M. Jones' method revealed that a and b1 of F1 were high significant at bothheading and flowering stages, but b2 was significant only at heading. Analysis by Hayman's method indlcatedthat F1's D was high significant, with H1、H2、h2 and F being significant or high significant. The average domi-nance (H1/D) of both stages was in partial dominance, 0. 347 and 0. 322 respectively, directing to the re-ducing effect. The narrow-sense heritability was 89. 77% at heading and 93. 75% at flowering.