三种仿生人工骨内部微细结构的对比研究

Comparative Study on Different Effects of Three Bionic Microstructures of Artificial Bone

提出一种采用基于快速成形的立体编织技术来制造纤维增强复合材料仿生人工骨的方法,制造的三种仿生人工骨内部的纤维分别被铺设成螺旋、正交和同心结构,其中正交结构和同心结构人工骨的内部纤维可以被精确地安置在设计位置上.根据犬桡骨缺损修复实验过程中的X光片、组织切片和成分对比等内容,研究了人工骨内部不同的纤维结构对促进成骨和人工骨降解的影响.研究发现,在骨修复初期三种仿生人工骨都能提供一定的机械性能,但是随着时间的推移,螺旋结构人工骨的降解量最小,同心结构人工骨的成骨量最高,说明由壳聚糖、骨形态发生蛋白和磷酸钙盐等制成的纤维增强型人工骨具有良好的骨传导和骨诱导作用,其中同心结构人工骨具有最佳的成骨作用,其内部纤维结构相对最优.

An approach of fabricating artificial bone with fibre-reinforced composite by 3D braiding technology based on rapid prototyping （RP） is presented, where the fibres are braided into helical, perpendicular and concentric structure respectively to prepare artificial bones, and the characteristics in special molds and fibre structure are listed. Furthermore, effects of different fibre structures on improving bone regeneration and degradation of artificial bones are explored by analyzing the X-ray photographs, histological sections and percentage composition during canine radio defect repairing, and the internal perpendicular and concentric fibre structure of artificial bone can be precisely controlled. In the process of bone repairing, all of implants with three fibre structures enable to provide enough mechanical strength initially, the percent loss approaches to the lowest in helix structure implants, and the percent bone ingrowth reaches to the highest in concentric structure implants. This kind of artificial bone, constituted by chitosan, bone morphogenic protein and calcium phosphate investment, facilitates bone conduction and bone induction. And the artificial bone with concentric fibre structure possesses the optimal internal architecture due to the best capability of bone regeneration.