论刑事政策与刑法

Criminal Policy and Criminal Law

刑事政策可表述为:国家或政党基于犯罪态势而制定的控制(预防)犯罪的方略,可分为基本的刑事政策和具体的刑事政策。指导刑法立法的刑事政策是基本刑事政策;影响刑法司法的刑事政策是具体刑事政策。只有在较长时期内涉及全过程的主要的刑事政策才是基本刑事政策。具体刑事政策,它相对于基本刑事政策而言,指在犯罪控制的某一领域或某一阶段中起作用的刑事政策。就刑事政策与刑法立法来讲,刑事政策即基本刑事政策是刑法的灵魂,刑事政策高于刑法;就刑事政策与刑法司法来讲,刑法则高于刑事政策即具体刑事政策,具体的刑事政策只能在刑法的框架内运作,但可以影响定罪与量刑。

Criminal policy means the strategy of controlling crime by the state or political party according to the status of crimes, which can be divided into basic criminal policy and particular criminal policy. Basic criminal policy instructs criminal legislation and particular criminal policy influences criminal judiciary. Particular criminal policy is the type of criminal policy which effects only in a certain field or a certain stage. Basic criminal policy is the spirit of criminal law and should be superior to criminal law; as the same time, criminal law should be superior to particular criminal policy and can only operate in the framework of criminal law affecting conviction and measuring penalty.