“浙江现象”解读

An Analysis of ″Zhejiang Phenomenon″

“浙江现象”是由发展绩效、发展特征、发展条件、制度创新、“浙江精神”所共同展现的一幅全方位图景;“浙江现象”的生成,赖于区位、人力资源、制度创新、初始资本的累积优势,扬长避短的发展战略和“浙江精神”的交互作用。内涵人力资源和人力资本的“浙江精神”,贯穿于“浙江现象”展现和生成的各个方面,处于十分关键的地位。“浙江现象”并非发展效绩与发展条件不对应形成的“错位现象”,而是改革开放以来发生在中国东部和沿海地区,以“区位”为共有解的“区位现象”。浙江的特殊性在于其独有的展现和成因;发展条件在新形势下的转变可能会影响“浙江现象”的持续辉煌而须亟谋良策。

“Zhejiang Phenomenon” is a panorama, which is exhibited by development performance, development characteristics, development conditions, system innovations, and the “Zhejiang Spirit”. “Zhejiang Spirit”, rooting itself in traditional culture and regional resources and focusing on “independence, seeking benefit, exploitation and innovation, struggling for progress, and changing according to the reality”, is the key factor since it is the cause of the formation of other aspects of “Zhejiang Phenomenon”. The establishment of “Zhejiang Phenomenon” is a joint work of the following factors： Zhejiang＇ s geographical location--It is on the coastline and has excellent ecological environment; Zhejiang＇s human resources--It consists of a large quantity of outgoing entrepreneurs and skillful artisans with business tradition, marketing consciousness, the desire to seek benefit, and excellent abilities to collocate resources; Zhejiang＇ s administrative systems--It has the advantage of making innovations earlier than other provinces; Zhejiang＇ s civilian operating capital--It has a huge accumulation created by the mistake of planned economy; Zhejiang＇s economic development strategy-- It is characterized by “light, small, civilian, process, trade” and “two sides” （material, product）. All of the above factors are crucial to “Zhejiang Phenomenon”. We cannot interpret “Zhejiang Phenomenon” if any one of the factors is left out. Some of the development restricting factors are being eased off, like the “light industry type” and “two sides” strategy which allow Zhejiang to avoid the “bottle neck of resourceg”; others are transformed to motivation for innovation and development, like “system pressure” and “resource pressure”. The “Dislocation Theory” regards “Zhejiang Phenomenon” as the imbalance of development performance and development conditions, including the imbalance of low population education level as against a high economic development. The cause of “Dislocation Phenomenon” may be “Zhejiang Spirit”, may be system innovation, may be the ability of resources relocation of Zhejiang people, or may be the reduction of the imperfection level of property right of human capital. All of these interpretations impel people to study “Zhejiang Spirit”, to innovate systems and improve the human resources, but unilateralism of those interpretations and the rise of research object are harmful to the objective realization of “Zhejiang Phenomenon”. The mainstream “Prospect Theory” avoids the shortage of “Dislocation Theory” in interpreting “Zhejiang Phenomenon”. This theory studies the experience of Zhejiang＇s success. The author （“Regional/Prospect Theory”） thinks that there are both support and constraint in Zhejiang＇ s development condition. “Zhejiang Phenomenon” began in the east coast of China when China＇ s Reform and Opening-up policy was first put into practice. In history, eastern China and the coastal areas have a significant regional advantage over the inland. This advantage was not demonstrated in the Planned Economy Period. Zhejiang＇ s civilian capital makes “Zhejiang Phenomenon” different from those of Jiangsu and Guangdong. The former province relies on government intervention while the latter relies on foreign capital.