故障模式影响分析在美国医疗风险管理中的应用

Application of FMEA ia medical risk management in America

对医疗风险事件做好防范工作能够有效提高医疗安全、减少医疗资源浪费。近年来,美国研究应用前瞻性质量分析工具故障模式影响分析(FMEA)来有效降低医疗风险,取得了显著成效。其他国家如意大利、澳大利亚也有少量研究,而国内尚未见这一领域研究的文献报道。作者介绍了FMEA在美国医疗风险管理中的应用及理论研究,列举了其在降低给药风险及保障医院软、硬件设备安全使用等方面的应用案例,提出了应用FMEA应注意的向题,以期引起国内医院管理部门的关注。

Doing a good job of guarding against medical risks can effectively improve medical safety and reduce waste of medical resources. In recent years, marked results have been attained in the US in studies on the use of FMEA, a prospective quality analysis tool, to minimize medical risks. Similar studies, though not many, have been made in some other countries, such as Italy and Australia. No reports, however, have been published at home on studies in this field. The paper gives an account of the use and theoretical studies of FMEA in medical risk management in the US, illustrates cases wherein it was used to lower risks in prescribing drugs to patients and ensure the safe use of hospital software and hardware, and puts forward issues that shouldn＇t be ignored in using FMEA so as to arouse the attention of domestic hospital management departments.