柳州市高血压发病率及其影响因素 4915人调查结果分析

Incidence of hypertension and influencing factors in Liuzhou city

目的：了解柳州市目前高血压的发病率及其影响因素。 方法：选择1994-07／08月在柳州市几个社区及工厂以整群抽样方式接 受第1次糖尿病调查，并于1999-10在原基线人群中接受随访的调查对象4915名，均自愿参加调查。调查内容包括问卷调查、体格测量(测量身高、体质量、腰围、臀围和血压等)、膳食调查和血糖测定。原发性高血压诊断标准为在未服高血压药情况下，收缩压≥140mmHg和／或舒张压≥90mmHg；对已确诊的高血压患者，通过服药血压正常仍记作高血压患者。调查柳州市目前高血压的发病率，并通过多变量分析探讨高血压发病的相关影响因素。 结果：4915名调查对象全部进入结果分析，无脱落。①高血压发病率：在4915名调查对象中，转变为高血压者859名，年发病率为3．33％；以2000年广西柳州市人口年龄构成标准化的高血压年发病率为3．58％。男性高血压发病率大干女性[3．65％，2．91％(X^2=12．61，P=0．0001)]。②多变量分析：男性、年龄、毛细血管血糖、体质量指数、收缩压、舒张压是高血压发病的危险因素(P＜0．05)。 结论：广西柳州市高压压发病率已达较高水平，是10年前南方高血压发病率的两倍多。男性、增龄、高血糖、肥胖及较高的基础血压是高血压发病的危险因素。

AIM： To investigate the incidence rate of hypertension at present and the influencing factors in Liuzhou city. METHODS： Totally 4 915 subjects, who received diabetic survey for the first time by means of cluster sampling in several communities and factories of Liuzhou city between July and August 1994 and followed up in October 1999, participated in the investigation voluntarily. The contents of the investigation included questionnaire inventory, physique measurement （body height, body mass, waist circumference, hip circumference and blood pressure）, dietary inventory and determination of blood glucose. The diagnostic standards for essential hypertension： systolic pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and/ or diastolic pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg （without taking hypertensive drugs）. For the clearly diagnosed hypertensive patients, they were still taken as the hypertensive patients although their blood pressure was level after medication. The incidence rate of hypertension at present in Liuzhou city was investigated, and the related influencing factors of the attack of hypertension were investigated with the multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS： All the 4 915 subjects were involved in the analysis of results. ① The incidence rate of hypertension： Of the 4 915 subjects, 859 turned to hypertension, and the annual incidence of hypertension was 3.33%. According to the 2000 population age structure of Liuzhou city, the age-adjusted incidence of hypertension was 3.58%. The incidence rate of hypertension was higher in males than in females （3.65%, 2.91%; x^2=12.61, P =0.0001）. ② A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male, age, capillary blood glucose, body mass index, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were the risk factors for the attack of hypertension （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The incidence rate of hypertension in Liuzhou city of Guangxi has reached a higher level, which is more than twice than that in south 10 years ago. Male, increasing age, hyperglycemia, obesity and higher basic blood pressure are the risk factors for the attack of hypertension.