抚触对新生儿生理行为及生长发育的效果分析

Infant massage in the physiological behavior, growth and development of neonates

目的：观察抚触手法对新生儿生理行为及生长发育的影响，并与常规护理新生儿对比。 方法：选择2003-06／2004-12在焦作煤业集团中央医院总院、一分院妇产科出生的足月正常儿300例。按出生的先后顺序分为2组，抚触组150例，对照组150例。①抚触组于新生儿出生后第2天开始进行抚触，2次／d，15min／次。操作者抚触前温暖双手，抚触次序从头部、胸部、腹部、四肢至背部。头颈及背部应用指揉法按摩，四肢应用捏揉法。新生儿住院期间由专职抚触师操作，出院后继续由母亲或家属抚触。②由责任护士和家长记录其睡眠和觉醒时间、哭闹时间及睡眠惊醒次数，每例记录5d；并分别记录出生时和42d时的体质量，以及出生第10天、第60天的平均摄入奶量。对照组按新生儿常规护理，观察指标与抚触组相同。定期随访，60d后全部返院进行各项指标复测评估。 结果：①两组新生儿睡眠、觉醒、哭吵时间及惊醒次数比较：抚触组新生 儿的睡眠时间显著长于对照组(t=7．10，P<0．01)，而觉醒、哭吵时间显著短于对照组(t=10．91，17．14，P<0．01)，惊醒次数也显著少于对照组(t=20．83，P<0．01)。②两组新生儿第42天时体质量比较：抚触组新生儿的体质量显著高于对照组[(5506．2±442．0)g，(5154．4±387．4)g(t=7．33，P<0．01)]。③两组新生儿出生后第10天、第60天平均摄入奶量比较：出生后第10天两组新生儿的平均摄入奶量相比差异无显著性意义[520mL，480mL(P>0．05)]。出生后第60天抚触组新生儿平均摄入奶量显著高于对照组[1100mL，920mL(t=2．81，P<0．01)]。 结论：接受过抚触的新生儿食量增加，睡眠时间延长且有规律，体质量增长较快且情绪稳定，因此抚触能有效地促进新生儿的生长发育和心理行为发育。

AIM： To ohserve the effect of massage on the physiological behavior, growth and development of neonates in comparison with routine nursing for neonates. METHODS： 300 normal neonates were selected from the Central Hospital and the First Branch Hospital of Jiaozuo Coal Group Company between June 2003 and December 2004, and then divided into two groups according to the born date： 150 in massage group and 150 in control group. ①Infant massage was performed two days after hirth, twice a day and once for 15 minutes： ruh your hands together to warm them , then stroke from baby＇s head to black along chest, abdomen, and limbs; try a lighter touch on baby＇s head, neck and back and nip baby＇s limbs. Infant massage was carried out by professional physician in hospital, and by parents or relatives in home. ② Sleeping and arousal, crying and awakening times were recorded for 5 days in a infant, as well as body mass at birth and 42 clays after birth, and intake of milk at the 10th and 60th days after birth. Infants in the control group underwent routine nursing, and outcome measures were as same as those in the massage group. After 60 days, all the infants in the two groups were estimated again. RESULTS： ① Comparison of sleeping, arousal and crying time and awakening times： Compared with the control group, sleeping time in the massage group was longer（t=7.10, P 〈 0.01 ）, and arousal and e±ing time was shorter significantly （t=10.91,17.14, P 〈 0.01 ）, and awakening times were tess remarkably（t=20.83, P 〈 0.01 ）. ± Comparison of body mass at 42 days after birth： Baby＇s body mass in the massage group was significantly more than that in the control grnup [（5 506.2±442.0） g vs.（5 154.4±387.4） g, t=7.33, P 〈 0.01]. ③ Comparison of milk intake at 10 and 60 days after birth： There was no difference in milk intake at 10 days after birth （520 mL, 480 mL, P 〉 0.05）. Sixty days later, milk intake in the massage group was more than that in the contrnl group[1100 mL vs. 920 mL, t=2.81 ,P〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： Infant massage can aid appetite, lengthen sleeping time regularly, benefit to the increase of body mass and soothe babies. For this reason, infant massage can improve the healthy development of mind, body and spirit.