利用GISH和RAPD检测黄毛草莓×凤梨草莓种间杂种

GISH and RAPD Detecting the Interspecific Hybrids from the Cross of Fragaria nilgerrensis Schlecht.×F.ananassa Duch.

以地高辛(DIG)标记的黄毛草莓基因组DNA为探针、凤梨草莓基因组DNA为封阻对黄毛草莓×凤梨草莓杂种F1的五倍体植株根尖染色体进行基因组原位杂交(GISH),结果表明利用GISH可将黄毛草莓染色质从凤梨草莓中检测出来,从而证实了黄毛草莓与凤梨草莓种间杂交的真实性。利用RAPD技术对来自黄毛草莓与凤梨草莓不同品种的2个杂交组合获得的14个株系及其亲本的DNA指纹图谱进行分析。结果表明,不同株系之间在基因组水平上具有高度异质性,以引物S1371和S1405能将黄毛草莓×春霄组合的10个杂交后代株系加以区别,以单一引物S1371、S1380、S1397、S1404、S1405可使黄毛草莓×硕香后代株系之间相互区别。在杂交后代中观察到了亲本黄毛草莓与凤梨草莓不同栽培品种的特征带,从而进一步证实黄毛草莓与凤梨草莓种间杂交后代的真实性。

GISH with genomic DNA of F. nilgerrensis labeled by DIG as a probe and genomic DNA of F. ananassa as a blocker was used to identify alien chromosome in F. ananassa background. The result showed that the chromosomes of F. nilgerrensis could be identified in root tip chromosomes of hybrid from the cross of F. nilgerrensis and F. ananassa by GISH, which indicates interspecific hybridization. RAPD was employed to screen the 14 lines from interspecific hybrids of 2 crosses between F. nilgerrensis and F. ananassa. The main results showed that there were distinct differences of genome DNA among the interspecific hybrid lines. 10 lines from the cross of F. nilgerrensis and Haruyoi could be separated with 2 primers （S1371, S1405） and 4 lines from the cross of F. nilgerrensis and Shuoxiang could be separated with each of 5 primers （S1371, S1380, S1397,S1404,S1405）. Specific DNA fragments of parents including F. nilgerrensis and cultivars of F. ananassa were observed in RAPD pattens from 14 hybrid lines.