乳业“公司+农户”模式存在的问题及对策

PROBLEMS EXISTING IN THE "COMPANY + FARMER HOUSEHOLD" PATTERN IN MILK INDUSTRY AND MEASURES FOR THEIR SOLUTION

在对我国乳业“公司+农户”模式发展情况进行初步统计和分析的基础上,阐述了乳业“公司+农户”模式存在的信息单向流通、分配机制风险和利润不对称、缺少约束机制、质量检测和疾病防御机制不完善等问题。提出了以建立奶农联合组织等中介机构和鼓励农户买牛入股的方式解决风险分担和契约违约;逐步完善经济生活中的各项法律体系;政府采取措施,实施宏观调控,建立市场的风险监督机制;实现由传统奶农向现代奶农转变的对策。

On the basis of a statistical analysis of the development in the ＂company ＋ farmer household＂ pattern in the milk industry of China in recent years, this paper outlines the main problems in this pattern, i.e. one- way movement of information, asymmetry of risks and profits in the distribution mechanism, lack of a binding mechanism, imperfect system for quality inspection and disease prevention. It is recommended that an intermediary agency be established like milking - farmer union, the farmers be encouraged to buy cows as shares of the company, a law system be established and improved in the economic life, macro - regulation be practiced by the government, a mechanism for the supervision over market risks be formed and a transition from the traditional farmer households to modern households be realized.