血透氧化铝透析膜的生成及膜的特性实验研究

Experiment on the Formation and Characterizations of Anodic Alumina Membrane for Use in Hemodialysis

研究氧化铝膜生成的不同反应条件与膜孔特性之间的关系,以探讨符合透析膜结构特性的氧化铝膜最佳生成条件.分别以3%硫酸、5%硫酸和2.7%草酸为电解液,反应温度恒定在0℃、反应时间为48 h,在不同的电压条件下,将高纯度铝箔氧化生成氧化铝膜.用扫描电镜观察、测定膜的孔径,有效多孔和多孔性.测定氧化铝膜对水的传导力,评估膜的选择通透性.实验结果显示:在我们的实验条件下,能稳定地生成膜孔孔径均匀、排列整齐规则的氧化铝膜.在相同的电解液中,随着电压的增加,生成氧化铝膜的孔径和多孔性显著增大(P<0.05),有效多孔性显著减小(P<0.05).在3%和5%硫酸电解液中氧化生成的氧化铝膜的孔径比在2.7%草酸中生成的膜孔径小.本实验条件下生成的氧化铝膜对水的传导力比目前临床上使用的一些透析器膜的水传导力大. 研究结果表明,生成符合透析膜结构特性的氧化铝膜的最佳反应条件是以3%硫酸或5%硫酸为电解液、反应温度0℃、反应时间48 h、反应电压12.5～17.5 V.

The correlations between various formation conditions and the membrane pore characterizations of the anodic alumina membrane were investigated for seeking the optimal conditions for the formation of anodic alumina membrane. High purity aluminum foils were used as the starting materials. The anodizations were conducted under three types of electrolytes, 3% sulfuric acid, 5 % sulfuric acid and 2.7 % oxalic acid, respectively, with different voltages at 0℃ for 48 hours. The characterizations of the pore size, the effective porosity and the pore porosity were observed and determined by scanning electron microscopy. The hydraulic conductance of the membranes was measured to confirm that the pores were open and to evaluate the permselectivity of the membranes. The experimental results showed that the ordered pore arrays were obtained for oxidation under our experimental conditions. While the forming voltage was increasing, the pore size and pore porosity increased significantly （P〈0.05）, and the effective porosity decreased significantly （P〈0. 05）. The pore size formed with 3% sulfuric acid or 5% sulfuric acid was much smaller than that with 2.7% oxalic acid as an electrolyte. The hydraulic conductance of anodic alumina membrane that formed under our experimental condition was high than those of the membranes currently available in clinical procedures. The results suggested that the optimal conditions for the formation of anodic alumina membrane to be used in hemodialysis should be 3 % or 5 % sulfuric acid with 12.5 V to 17.5 V at 0℃ for 48 hours.