再论张学良与不抵抗政策

On Zhang Xue-liang and His Nonresistance Policy

学术界对张学良在“九·一八”事变中奉行的不抵抗政策观点不一:一是认为张学良只是忠实地执行了蒋的不抵抗政策;二是认为蒋是不抵抗政策的发明人,而张是执行者;三是认为张学良的不抵抗政策是包含局部抵抗的总体不抵抗,应对东北沦陷承担责任;四是认为张学良在“九·一八”事变中采取的是“不抵抗中之抵抗”。笔者认为在“九·一八”事变的责任问题中,以蒋介石为首的南京政府做出不抵抗政策应当负主要责任,张学良作为执行者,也应当负责任。

The standpoint of academic circles about Zhang Xue-liang and His nonresistance policy in “ 9.18 ” is quite conflicting. There are four views： First, some believe that Zhang Xue-liang is just to faithfully carry out Jiang Jie-shi＇s policy. Second, others think that Jiang Jie-shi yeas a contriver of nonresistance policy, and Zhang just had carried out it. Third, the others think, though the nonresistance policy which Zhamg Xue-liang had carried out included partial resistance, he should be blamed for the lost of Northeast. Last, people think that the nonresistance policy which Zhang Xue-liang had carried out in “9.18” is actually contained some of “resistance”. About the question of who should undertake the responsibility in “The September 18th incident” ,the writer of this paper thinks that the Nanjing government who made the nonresistance policy should take on main responsibility, Zhang Xue-liang carried out the nonresistance policy, also should be responsible for it.