喷粉灭螺法控制血吸虫病易感地带感染性的现场研究

Study on control of schistosome infectivity by dusting molluscicide in susceptible zones

目的探讨快速控制血吸虫病易感地带感染性的方法。方法选择有感染性钉螺的河滩为试验现场,用4%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐粉剂50g/m2进行喷粉灭螺,连续2次,每次间隔15d,观察对钉螺及感染性钉螺的杀灭效果,并采用哨鼠法进行易感地带水体感染性测定。结果第1次喷粉后15天,感染螺密度即降为0,钉螺感染率亦降为0,感染螺密度下降率达100.00%;第2次喷粉后15天,感染螺密度为0,钉螺感染率为0,活螺密度下降率为99.08%,钉螺校正死亡率为99.03%。哨鼠测定均为阴性。结论喷粉灭螺法可快速杀灭感染性钉螺,且简单易行、省工高效,可作为控制血吸虫病易感地带感染性的常规方法及防止急性血吸虫病暴发疫情的应急措施。

Objective To explore the way of fast control of schistosome infectivity in susceptible zones. Methods The river marshland with infected snails were selected as the test field, and 4% niclosamide ethanolamine salt dustable powder was used to control snails. The dosage of the molluscicide was 50 g/m^2. The dusting was repeated two times and the interval was 15 days. The molluscicidal effect was surveyed on the fifteenth day after each dusting, and the infectivity of schistosome was measured with the sentry mice test. Results On the fifteenth day after the first dusting, the density of injected snail and the snail infection rate were zero, and the reduced rates of density of infected snails was 100.00%. On the fifteenth day after the second dusting, the density of infected snail and the snail infection rate were still zero, and the reduced rates of living snail density was 99. 08%, and the reduced rate of corrected mortality was 99. 03%, and the reduced rate of density of infected snails was still 100.00 %. Conclusion The way of dusting molluscicde can control snails with high efficiency. It is convenient and economic. So it can be used in the controll of schistosome infectivity in the susceptible zones and in the outbreak epidemic situation of acute schistosomiasis.