明清时期陕南地区移民及农业开发成因的研究

The Analysis of the Cause of Emigration and Agriculture Developing in the South of Shaanxi Province During the Period Ming and Qing Dynasty

明清时期,平原地区宜农土地的垦殖基本饱和,人口继续膨胀,人均耕地日益减少,严峻的生存危机迫使人们大量涌入资源丰富、荒而未辟的广大山区,从而掀起山区开发的高潮,山区经济成为社会发展中最活跃的因素。从明清时期陕南地区的人口迁移及其成因的分析,探讨该地区农业人口增长的基本规律及农业开发的基本轮廓。

During the period Ming and Qing Dynasty, the cultivating land for farming was principal saturation in the plain area. With expanding of the population the average field land of everyone was in creasing decreased, the austere survive crisis made a great deal of swarmed into the wealth resource but unexploited barred a mountainous area, sequentially people raised the wave of exploiting the mountainous areas. Economy of the mountainous areas becomes base of active element of society developing. This paper analyzes the population transfer and the cause of formation from the area in south of Shannxi province, during the period Ming and Qing Dynasty, and then probe into basis rule of the expanding of population and basis figure of the agriculture developing.