小麦红吸浆虫成灾原因分析与防治技术研究初报

Primary Report of Study on Incidence of Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) and its Management

通过对小麦吸浆虫发生为害调查、防治试验和灾害控制,明确了该虫在北京市成灾的主要原因有4点,即吸浆虫是外来入侵的新害虫,生活、为害隐蔽,种群数量增长迅速和防治不及时.筛选出防治吸浆虫地下虫态和成虫的最佳药剂,每公顷施48%毒死蜱EC3L、或40%辛硫磷EC5.25L,制成毒土,于小麦拔节期撒施,防治效果达77.1%以上;用10%吡虫啉WP300g,或4,5%高效氯氰菊酯EC600ml,或10%吡虫啉WP150g加80%敌敌畏EC750ml,或40%氧化乐果EC1.5L,于小麦70%抽穗时喷施,对防治吸浆虫成虫均有较好的防治效果,其田间防效在85%～94.3%之间.通过4年的实践,提出吸浆虫新发区的控害措施,①即做好宣传培训,普及科学技术知识,②确定防治对策,抓好三个结合,③开展集中管理,统一防治.

The incidence of Sitodiplosis mosellana has following four factors, which are a new insect in Beijing area, concealable behavior, rapid growth of population and poor understanding of the insect. Besides the 4-years investigating the jeopardy, observing the life cycle, the trials of management were conducted. The combinations of pesticides and dosages are found out, which are Chlorpyrifos48EC and Phoxim40 EC mixed with soil as 3000 ml/hm^2 and 5250 ml/hm^2 respectively and scattered during the period of wheat elongation. The effects reached more than 77.1%. During the period of 70% wheat heading, 300g/hm^2 of Imidaclopridl0WP, 600 ml/hm^2 of Beta-cypermethrin 4.5EC, 150g/hm^2 of Imidacloprid10WP with 750 ml/hm^2 of DichlorvosSOEC and 1500ml/hm^2 of Omethoate40EC were sprayed respectively and achieved control effects range of 85%-94.3%. A set of pest management was worked out.