378例单纯性肾囊肿患者肾功能变化的病例对照研究

Changes of the renal function in 378 cases with simple renal cysts: a case control study

目的本文通过病例对照研究探讨单纯性肾囊肿患者肾功能的变化及其可能机理.方法采用病例对照研究方法对我院2000年1月～2004年12月在院确诊为单纯性肾囊肿病人的年龄、性别、身高、体重、血压、尿常规、血肌酐等指标进行统计学分析.结果与对照组比较,单纯性肾囊肿组血肌酐值显著增高,eGFR显著降低,SBP、DBP显著升高;尿白细胞及红细胞的发生率显著增高.肾囊肿容量与eGFR呈负相关(r=-0.17,P＜0.05),但与血肌酐、SBP及DBP间无相关性.单纯性肾囊肿患者肾结石发生率为18.3%(69/378),显著高于对照组.多因素logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、SBP、肾囊肿容量、白细胞尿及肾结石是单纯性肾囊肿患者eGFR下降的危险因素.结论单纯性肾囊肿患者肾功能呈下降趋势,常伴高水平的血压值,易合并泌尿系感染、肾结石等疾病,这可能与其肾功能损害有关.

Objective To investigate renal function changes and its possible mechanism in cases with simple renal cyst via case control study. Methods A case control study was carried out in 594 cases with simple renal cysts who were admitted intoour hospital from January 2000 to December 2004 and underwent color Doppler and or CT. The data including age, gender, height, weight, blood pressure, urine routine and serum creatinine were statistically analysed. Results Compared with control group, eGFR decreased significantly but SlAP and DBP increased in simple renal cyst group. Pyuria and hematuria presented. Capacity of the cysts was negatively correlated with eGFR but had little correlation with serum creatinine, SBP and DBP（r=-0. 17,P〈0.05）. Incidence rate of nephrolithiasis was 18. 3% （69/378）in simple renal cyst group, significantly higher than that in control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk degree of eGFR decrease in simple renal cyst group was 1.32 folds of control group. Conclusion The simple renal cysts is associated with reduced renal function, as may be resulted from high blood pressure and liability to urinary system infection and nephrolithiasis.