蔬菜硝酸盐污染状况及防治途径

The State and the Way to Manage Nitrate Pollution in Vegetable

分析了清徐县蔬菜基地5类蔬菜样品中硝酸盐的含量,并对蔬菜硝酸盐污染现状进行了评价。同时对蔬菜硝酸盐污染防治途径进行了综述,即经济合理施用氮肥,改善蔬菜生态条件,筛选和选育低硝酸盐含量的蔬菜品种,选择适宜的采收期,采取合适的贮藏加工及食前处理,并加强蔬菜卫生品质监测及管理。另外,还对消费者提出改变饮食结构的忠告,即多吃果菜,少吃叶菜和根菜;多吃新鲜蔬菜,少吃腌渍加工蔬菜;多吃熟菜,少吃生菜,以避免硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐对人体所形成的潜在威胁。

Qinxu county has been analysed nitrate content in samples of 5 vegetables from vegetables base has been analysed, the present situation about nitrat pollution was evaluted and the control method was recommended. Namely, economic and reasonable nitrate fertilization; ecology improvement for vegetables, breeding of low-nitrate vegetables, suitable harvesting timing,storage and pritreatment, and strengthening of vegetables＇ hygiene and quality monitoring. In addition,advises of more fruit-vegetable,less leaf and rootvegetables;more fresh vegetable less the proceed and more riped less raw vegetable were given to avoid damage caused by nitrate pollution.