电脉冲空化制备超细镍磷粉体材料的理论与实验研究

Theoretical and Experimental Investigation on Synthesis of Ultra-fine Ni-P Powder by electronic sparking cavitative

本文从热力学和动力学角度分析了利用电脉冲空化制备超细镍磷粉体材料的可能性,并从实验上成功制备出粒径可控的镍磷合金粉体材料,研究结果表明电脉冲空化制备镍磷合金粉体材料的形核与长大过程主要受脉冲能量、脉冲方式、反应时间等多重因素控制。反应初期(60秒以内),反应形核受脉冲能量控制,镍磷合金粉体颗粒数随脉冲放电能量(包括脉冲电压和脉冲次数)的增加而增加;随反应时间延长(超过60秒),脉冲空化导致镍磷非晶合金粉体的反应被激活,溶液中镍磷粉体可自发形核、生长,直至反应完成。

In this paper, thermodynamic and dynamic methods were used to analyse the possibility of synthesising ultra-fine Ni-P alloy powder by electronic sparking eavitative technique. Then Ni-P alloy powder has been obtained in the experimental system, and its powder size could be control of the experimental conditions. The experimental results also indicate that the nucleation and growth depended on the sparking energy, sparking model, reaction time etc. In the first stage （less than 60 s）, the nucleation of Ni-P powder was mainly under control of sparking energy, the number of Ni-P powder increased with increasing sparking energy, including the sparking voltage and sparking numbers. When the reaction time was more than 60 s, the Ni-P alloy reduetive reaction was activated by sparking eavitative field, and the Ni-P alloy can be nucleated and grow spontaneously, till the reaction finished.