黄芪不同种植密度的耐盐抑盐效应研究

Research on the salt control and tolerance effect of Astragalus membranaceus in different densities

通过田间试验和对不同密度处理的黄芪可溶性盐分及盐分离子含量的测定,研究了黄芪对盐碱地的改良效果.结果表明,黄芪对盐碱地有明显的改良作用,而且改良效果与密度呈正相关;种植黄芪后, Na+ 、Ca2+ 、Mg2+、SO42-、Cl- 含量、pH值、全盐量都明显降低,而K+含量升高,提高了土壤的K+ /Na+,使盐碱地得以改良.同时土壤中(K+ +Na+)/(Ca2+ +Mg2+)下降,有助于土壤胶体的凝聚,有利于土壤团粒结构的形成.种植黄芪可使土层平均可溶性盐分降低67%～76%;黄芪种植密度应保持适当,密度过大反而影响黄芪的产量和药材品质,本试验中12.5万株/hm2处理为黄芪的最佳种植密度.

This paper describes the outcome of a study which tested and analyzed salt content and salt ions of A. membranaceus land at different densities. Research conducted on the land improvement effects of A. membranaceus on alkaline-saline land showed A. membranaceus to have a significant effect. The effects observed had a significantly positive relationship with A. membranaceus planting density. After planting A. membranaceus. Na^＋ , Ca^2＋ ,Mg^2＋ ,SO4^2- ,Cl^-,pH value and salt content showed an obvious decrease with an increase in K^＋ ,effectively increasing the K^＋/Na^＋ of the soil ,thereby improving the state of the alkaline-saline land. At the same time soil K^＋＋ Na^＋/Ca^2＋＋ Mg^2＋ decreased, having a beneficial effect on soil aggregation. Plant A. membranaceus can decrease average soil soluble salt content by 67%-76% in the 0-80 cm soil layer. A. membranaceus should be planted at a sensible rate as if planted at too high a density it can reduce yield and the quality of the medicine it is used to produce. This study found a density of 125 000/hm^2 to be optimal.