生活方式与超重和肥胖的关系

The Relationship between Life Style and Overweight & Obesity

目的探讨生活方式与超重和肥胖的关系,为预防和控制超重和肥胖提供对策。方法采用现况研究的方法,在广西玉林市城区随机抽取5个居委会,然后用年龄分层随机抽取35～59岁的常住居民957人(男性294人,女性663人)进行调查。结果该人群男性和女性体质指数B(M I)均值分别为(24.67±3.73)kgm/2和(23.90±3.08)kgm/2,男性高于女性(P<0.01);超重和肥胖标化率男性为57.52%,女性为47.05%。单因素相关分析显示,在男性中,体重、腰围、臀围、文化程度、每周饮用绿茶≥5次、食用水果≥5次、食用肉类≥5次与BM I均呈正相关(P<0.05)。在女性中,年龄、体重、腰围、臀围和家庭年人均可支配收入与BM I均呈正相关(P<0.05),而工作体力强度、每周饮用牛奶≥5次、食用鱼类≥5次与BM I均呈负相关(P<0.05)。逐步回归分析显示,在男性中,进入回归方程的因素为体重、身高、腰围、食用肉类≥5次,β值分别为0.36,-0.29,0.01,0.18,常数项为47.49。在女性中,进入回归方程的因素为体重、身高、臀围,β值分别为0.41,-0.30和0.01,常数项为46.85。结论玉林市城市居民超重和肥胖的危险因素有经常食用肉类、饮用绿茶、食用水果,年龄、性别和家庭年人均可支配收入。强度体力、经常饮用牛奶、食用鱼类是超重和肥胖的保护性因素。

Objective To explore the relationship of life style with overweight and obesity. Methods Using cross-sectional study, 957 residents aged 35 -59 （294 males and 663 females） were selected with age-stratified sampling in five random resident communities of Yulin city, Guangxi. Results In the sampling populations, the mean BMI in male （24.67±3.73） was significantly higher than female （23.90 ±3.08）. The standardized prevalence of overweight in male and female were 57.52% and 47.05% respectively. Weight, waist circumference （WC）, hip circumference（HC）, degree of education, frequency of drinking tea per week （≥ 5 times）,frequency of eating fruits per week （≥5 times）, frequency of eating meat per week （≥5 times） were positively correlated with BMI in male （P〈0.05）. Age, weight, WC, HC and the mean income of family populations per year （INCOME） were positively correlated with BMI in female （P〈0.05）. Labor intensity, frequency of drinking milk per week （≥5 times） and frequency of eating fishes per week （≥5 times） were negatively correlated with BMI in female （P〈0.05）. the stepwise regression analysis showed that weight, height, WC, frequency of meat eating per week were chosen into regression equation in male （βvalue was 0.36, -0.29, 0.01 and 0.18, constant was 47.49）. Weight, height and HC were into regression equation in female （β：0.41, -0.30, 0.01, constant ：46.85）. Conclusion The frequencies of meat eating, tea drinking and fruits eating, the age, sex and income were the risk factors for overweight and obesity. And labor intensity, frequency of milk drinking and fish eating were protective factors.