试论草业系统工程结构

On the Mechanism of Developing Forage Industry

草业系统工程的结构是有关草业发展的战略问题。重点阐述了下述意见:1.草业与农林三者鼎立,不同于以往的农林牧提法。一字之差,不仅提高了草业在大农业上的地位,而且扭转了只重有实利可图的畜,而把其基础第一性的草业抛于脑后的逐利忘本、置草原退化荒废于不顾的思想根源。种草才能获得畜牧业的合理持续发展。2.在振兴草业的诸项大纲中栽培草本最受重视。不仅项目较多,而且那些与人、畜应用有共轭关系的受到特别强调。因为这是提高草地畜牧业产值的一条重要途径。3.把灌木(灌丛)纳入草业合乎草地类型和家畜食性的实际,是扩大草业资源、保护草原的战略措施。同时,把混牧林和林产品采食的现有习惯看作草和林的结合与联系,而不必勉强划归草业。

The mechanism of forage industry development consists of an overall planning and large-scale production operation. The present paper expounds the following opinions： 1. Forage industr, together with agriculture and forestry, form a tripartite farming system. The paper accentuates cultivation of grasses and other herbs, protection of grassland, and measures to ensure the sustainable development of animal husbandry, not just animal production and its output value. 2. An effective means to raise the output value of grassland animal husbandry is to cultivate herbs which could not only be feeds for sheep, cattle, hogs, and horses, but for deer and river deer（the male pilose antler is a Chinese medicine）, hares（for fur and meat）, rodents（meat for bred-and-penned-in foxes and martens） as well. All of which would boost the output value multifold. 3. Though woody feeds like shrub and tree twigs are palatable to livestocks, it is still undecided whether they should be included in the forage category. We consider these feeds form a link between the forage industry and forestry, and not necessarily be included in the former.