氟作业工人健康状况调查

Investigation into Workers Health in Fluoride Workshop

[目的]了解氟化盐生产过程中车间空气氟污染状况及对工人健康的影响。[方法]测定氟化盐生产车间和室外空气中氟化物含量,以接氟工人为接触组,不接触氟工人为对照组,测定他们的尿氟含量,拍摄下肢长骨和腰椎正、侧位X线平片,由当地职业病诊断组专家参照氟骨病的诊断标准集体诊断。[结果]氟化盐生产车间空气中氟化物含量0.3-1.86 mg/m3,平均1.10 mg/m3,超过国家《工业企业设计卫生标准》,接触组和对照组尿氟含量均值分别为3.43 mg/L和1.40 mg/L,氟骨症发病率分别为17.5%和6.4%,差异均存在显著性。[结论]氟化盐生产车间空气中存在着低浓度的氟污染,可使接氟作业工人尿氟升高、氟骨症发病率增加。

[ Objective ] To investigate the influence of fluoride pollution on workers in the production process of salt fluoride. [ Methods ] The fluoride concentration in and out of the workshop air and in the urine of the exposure workers and control group were detected, X-ray plain films for the extremities inferior and lumbar vertebrae were took for every subjects. The final diagnosis was made according to the Standards of Diagnosis of Occupational Disease by the local occupational disease diagnosis group. [ Results ] The fluoride concentration in the workshop air is 0.3-1.86 mg/m^3, with an average value of 1.10 mg/m^3, and it is higher than the national occupational exposure limit. The fluoride concentrations in the urine of fluoride-exposure workers and control group were 3.43 mg/L and 1.40 mg/L respectively, and the incidence of fluorosis of bone were 17.5% and 6.4% respectively. There is significant difference between two groups. [ Conclusion ] The fluoride pollution in the fluoride workshop investigated increases the fluoride concentration in the workers＇urine and the incidence of fluorosis of bone.