基于两维图论聚类分析的中国储粮区域划分

Division of Grain Storage in China Based on Math Clustering and Map Arithmetic

根据1961～1990国家气象局公开发表的31个省会城市和直辖市(除台湾省外)的所有气象数据,在地理信息系统(GIS)中,分别取各个城市的经纬度值,以它们的年平均气温、年极端最高气温、年极端最低气温、年平均相对湿度和年降水量为分类依据,共计217个数据,利用两维图论聚类分析技术,对我国储粮区域划分进行研究。结果表明,我国储粮区域可分成3个:Ⅰ区为低温区,位于我国北纬35°线以北,包括青藏高原,该区与全国一月份平均气温图的平均0℃线以北区域相吻合;Ⅱ区为中温区,位于北纬35°线、东经110°线、北纬26°线与东南海岸线之间的区域,主要是长江和淮河流域,该区覆盖全国一月份平均气温图的平均0℃线以南和8℃线以北区;Ⅲ区为高温区,地理位置在北纬26°线以南,位于一月份平均气温8℃线以南的区域。本文还分别对三个区内应用冬季机械通风降低储粮温度进行了分析。储粮区域划分结果可为我国区域性储粮技术应用和制定我国宏观区域性储粮技术规程提供参考依据。

Based on the complexion of geography and climate situations in China, citing all the published weather data of the capital cities of 31 provinces from 1960 to 1990, and getting the latitudes and longitudes of the cities in the GIS, the annual average, maximal, and lowest values of air temperature, annual average relative humidity, and annual average precipitation, the division for grain storage are carried out by the means of combinative analysis with GIS space, math clustering, and map arithmetic. Three areas for grain storage are created. Ⅰ area called low temperature section lies in the north of latitude 40 degrees north where the average temperature in winter is not more than 0℃. Ⅱ area called middle temperature section lies in the scope of latitude 26 - 35 degrees north and longitude 110 degrees east to the coast of China. This area include mainly the drainage area of Changjiang and Huaihe, where the air temperature in January is between 0℃ -8℃. Ⅲ area called high temperature section lies in the south of latitude 26 degrees north, where the average temperature of January is not lower than 8℃. The technique performance of stored grain aeration in these three sections are discussed. The results of division will be helpful to the application of right grain storage technology in different sections of China, and to develop an technical macro - program for grain storage in China.