3Cohen , A . Kazakhstan . The Road to Independence [ M ] . Washington:Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program Joint Center, 2008.
4维基百科.Politics of Kazakhstan [ EB/OL ] [2009-07 - 15], http://en, wikipedia, org/wiki/Politics of Kazakhstan.
5Clive Bowyer. Parliament and Political Parties in Kazakhstan[M]. SILK ROAD PAPER. Stockholm. Sweden. Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program,2008.
6Aitken, J. Nazarbayev and the Making of Kazakhstan [ M ]. London & New York, Continuum,2009.
7Universal Periodic Review. Freedom in the World - Kazakhstan [EB/OL] [ 2009-07-15 ] , Freedom in the World 2009. http ://lib. ohchr. org/HRBodies/UPRfDocuments/Session7/KZ/FH_ UPR_KAZ S07 2010_FreedomHouse_Annexl. pdf.
8Isaacs , R . Between informal and formal politics neopatrimonialism and party development in post-Soviet [ M ]. Kazakhstan, PhD thesis. Oxford, Oxford Brookes University, 2009.