事实的真实与非真实:法学的表达与司法的实践

The Truth and Untruth of the Fact: Expression of Law Science and Judicial Practice

将事实表达为客观真实是一种面向大众的政治表达,而表达为法律真实是一种面向法律职业者司法操作标准的专业表达。两种表达的共通性在于只追求事实之真,回避了可能的事实虚假及事实的非真实问题。但司法实践中认定的事实可能并非是完全真实的,因此产生了法学的表达与司法实践的背离。在事实认定可能并非真实的情况下,通过正当法律程序、协商与沟通以及法律论证,达到事实认定与判决的可接受性,是保障判决合法性的关键。

It is a kind of mass- appeal expression of politics to express the fact as objective and real, whereas it is a kind of professional expression on the judicature operation standards facing the lawyers to express the factual expression as legal reality. The compatibility of the two expressions lie in merely pursuing the reality of fact, avoiding the possible falsity of fact and the unreality of fact. But the fact asserted in judicial practice may not be totally true, so the deviation of expression of law from the administration of justice arises. In the situation that what the fact asserts may not be true, through due process, consultation, communication and legal demonstration, reaching the acceptability of fact and judgment is the key to ensure legitimacy of judgment.