蔡元培整顿与改革北京大学的历史经验

The historic experience from Peking University reformed by Cai yuan-pei

著名教育家蔡元培是整顿与改革北京大学获得非凡功绩的卓越先驱。他确立北大办学宗旨为研究高深学问而非升官发财的阶梯;遵循思想自由,兼容并包,不拘一格延聘教员;屏除京师大学堂封建官僚体制的衙门作风,建立起教授治校的民主管理体制;改革教学体制,实行选科制,使文理科相互沟通;重视学术研究,倡导组织社团,开展学术活动;改革招生制度,开创女生入大学之先河等等。学习和借鉴蔡元培整顿与改革北京大学的历史经验,既有历史意义,又对我们办好现在的综合性研究型大学具有重要的现实借鉴价值。

Cai Yuan-pei,the famous educator, was the first to reform Peiking university and made great achievements. He made it clear that the aim of Peking university was not to make ladders for high official ranks or great fortune, but make deep research, conforming to the principles of thoughts freedom and tolerance. He employed staff members without prejudices, got rid of the bureaucracy of the old jingshi daxuetang, and established democratic management system; He also reformed the teaching system and applied subject selection system, so that art could integrate with science. Cai stressed emphasis on scientific research, suggested on organizing groups to make scientific activities. He reformed the admission system and was the first one to admit female students to universityies. Learning from Cai yuan-pei＇ s experiences is not only of great historic significance but of great pragmatic point for us to manage the comprehensive and researching universities.