正常人体心室舒张功能生理性变化特点的超声研究

Echocardiographical study on physiological characteristics of ventricular diastolic function in normal individual

目的观察正常人体心室舒张功能的演变规律,探讨心室舒张功能生理性减退的基本界限。方法本项目运用无创性超声成像技术,对正常人心室舒张功能进行了血流动力学检测。240名自愿接受体检者,按年龄分为少年组、青年组、中年组和老年组,采用二维超声检测心腔内径,M型超声检测舒张期心室壁弛张速度,频谱多普勒检测左右房室瓣及肺静脉口血流速度以及流速比值,彩色多普勒显示舒张期心室血流充盈时相及持续时间。结果二尖瓣、三尖瓣以及肺静脉口血流的多项参数与年龄增长呈高度相关。正常人心室舒张功能特点是:青少年期为完全正常期,中年期为顺应性减低期,老年期为舒张功能减低期。心室舒张功能的减退左室先于右室。结论正常人心室舒张功能随年龄增长存在生理性减退。

Objective To investigate the regularity of changes and the base line of physiological deficiency of ventricular diastolic function in normal individuals. Methods Non-invasive echocardiography was employed for monitoring hemodynamics of the ventricular diastolic function in normal individuals. 240 volunteers were divided into four groups by age, i.e. juvenile, youth, middle-aged and elderly groups. Items of examina＊ion included the diameter of cardiac chambers by two-dimensional （2D） echogram, velocity of diastole of ventricular wall by M mode, veloeity and ratio of blood flow at left and right atrio-ventricular valves and pulmonary vein by spectral Doppler, filling phase and duration of filling of ventricles in diastolic phase by color Doppler. Results Of mitral valve, tricuspid valve and pulmonary vein, a series of dynamic parameters of blood flow were correlated closely with the age. The ventricular diastolic function of normal person deteriorated physiologically with the passage of years, characterized by a normal stage in juvenile and young ages, compliant decreased stage in middle-age, and declined functional stage in aged. The declination course started in the left ventricle prior to the rightventaide. Condusion The resuhs of the present study may be helpful for further clinical researches on the mechanisms of changes in human ventricular diastolic function.