配子体自交不亲和植物花粉S基因研究进展

Study Progress on the Pollen S Gene of Gametophytic Self-incompatible Plants

配子体自交不亲和植物的自交不亲和性是由雌蕊自交不亲和因子和花粉自交不亲和因子相互作用的结果。目前已经分离和鉴定了雌蕊自交不亲和基因及其表达产物。最近从金鱼草、Prumusdulcis、梅等植物中分离的F-box基因,它具有花粉S基因特点,即在花药、成熟的花粉和花粉管中特异表达;在基因位置上,与S-RNase基因紧密连锁;不同物种或同一物种不同品种F-box基因间核苷酸和氨基酸序列上存在高度多态性。通过分子生物学方法和杂交授粉试验证明所分离的F-box基因是花粉自交不亲和基因,但目前尚未分离出该类基因相应的表达蛋白。主要综述了配子体自交不亲和植物花粉自交不亲和基因的发现、基因的结构、雌蕊自交不亲和因子和花粉自交不亲和因子相互作用的模型。

SI phenotypes of pistil and pollen are determined by different genes, called pistil S and pollen S genes, respectively. The pistil S gene and its expressed product are isolated and identified. Recently, a kind of F-box genes were isolated and identified from the plants of Antirrhinum, Prunus dulcis and Prunus mume, et al. They were expressed specifically in pollen, tapetum and ripped anther, showing a high level of S haplotype specific sequence polymorphism, similar to that of the S-RNases. The F-box gene is linked physically to the S- RNase gene. Using the technique of hybridization pollination test and the molecular biological approaches, the isolated F-box genes were identified as the pollen S gene. But its protein products are still not isolated and identified. The discovery of the pollen S gene, the structure of the pollen S gene and the interaction between the proteins expressed by the pistil S and pollen S genes were discussed.