淮河水系台湾次睾吸虫自然疫源地调查报告

Preliminary investigation in the Metorchis taiwanensis infection in basin of Huaihe River

目的调查淮河水系是否存在台湾次睾吸虫及其孳生特性。方法收集淮河沿岸家鸭粪便并用水洗沉淀法查找台湾次睾吸虫卵;取纹沼螺经压片、镜检,分离雷蚴和尾蚴;取麦穗鱼肉压片和研细、水洗、沉淀、镜检,分离麦穗鱼体内囊蚴,并将分离获得的囊蚴感染雏鸭;解剖家鸭和人工感染的雏鸭,取胆囊分离成虫。结果家鸭粪便中台湾次睾吸虫卵平均阳检率为18.87%(151/800);纹沼螺体内雷蚴和尾蚴阳检率为1.08%(13/1 200);麦穗鱼中囊蚴阳检率为12.50%(20/160);家鸭胆总管和肝胆管内成虫的分离阳检率为22.50%(18/80),经囊蚴感染的雏鸭肝脏内可分离出成虫。结论淮河水系存在台湾次睾吸虫,其生活史可在纹沼螺、麦穗鱼、雏鸭体内完成。

To determine whether the Metorchis taiwanensis infection is prevalent in basin of Huaihe River and its characteristics of breeding, the eggs of M. taiwanensis in dung of ducks were collected by method of sedimentation, and the rediae and cercariae in P arafossarulus striatulus were isolated by tabletting and microscopic examination. The encysted metacercaria in Pseudorasbora parve were isolated by tabletting, washing, sedimentation, microscopic examination and artificial infection of brood ducks, and the adult worms in common bile duct and hepatic duct brought from fishmen and the experimental brood ducks were isolated after dissection. It was found the average positive rate of eggs of M. tanwanensis in stool of ducks was 18.87 % （151/800） ; that of rediae and cercarriae in P. striatulus was 1.08 % （13/1200）. and that of encysted metacercaria in P. parve was 12.5 % （20/160）. Meanwhile, the positive rate of adult worms in common bile duct and hepatic duct of ducks was 22.5 % （18/80）. The adult worms could be isolated in liver of ductdines infected by encysted metacercaria . It is evident from the investigation performed in the present study that M. tanwanesis irdection is prevalent in Huaihe River and it can be bred in P. striatulus, P. parve and brood ducks.