数字化人体大脑结构分割及三维重建

Segmentation and three-dimensional reconstruction of digitized human cerebrum

目的建立人体大脑三维数字化可视模型,为脑外科手术计划的制定及在计算机上实现大脑精确模拟提供解剖学框架。方法从中国数字化可视人体数据集中选取一男一女2套头部薄层连续横断面图像,对大脑主要结构进行半自动分割,并采用面绘制与体绘制相结合的方法进行三维重建。结果获得一男一女2套大脑主要结构被精细分割的头部薄层断面数据集,对大脑灰质和白质、基底核团、脑室及海马等结构进行了三维重建。重建结构可多结构、多色彩模式显示,可在三维空间绕任意轴旋转,可对三维结构进行任意缩放及透明显示。结论面绘制与体绘制相结合的重建方法克服了面绘制缺乏内部解剖信息,过于模式化的缺点,为三维重建提供了一种新的研究方法。重建的大脑及内部主要结构真实、逼真,再现了各结构的自然形态及在空间中的确切位置,提供了一个初步的大脑数字解剖学模型,也为自动分割算法的研究提供了精细的模板。

Objective A three-dimensional digitized visible model of human cerebrum was built to provide anatomical structure for making plans of cerebral surgical operation and realizing accurate simulation of cerebrum on computer. Methods Choose transverse sectional anatomical data of the cerebrum from the first Chinese visible human （one male and one female） . Semi-automated segmentation and Photoshop software were selected to segment cerebral cortex, white matter, basal nuclei, lateral ventricle and hippocampus et al. On personal computer, the segmented structures were reconstructed in three-dimensions with volume rendering reconstruction and surface rendering reconstruction. Results Two accurately segmented images of the main structures of cerebrum were completed. The reconstructed structures can be displayed singly, in small groups or as a whole and can be continuously rotated in 3D space at different velocities. Conclusions Combining volume rendering reconstruction with surface rendering reconstruction overcomes the defects of surface rendering reconstruction that is lack of internal anatomical information, which provides a new method for three-dimensional reconstruction. The reconstructed cerebrum and the main internal structures are realistic, which demonstrate the natural shape and exact position of the structures. It provides an accurate model for the automated segmentation algorithmic study and provides a digitized anatomical mode of cerebrum.