十四至十七世纪中朝官式建筑大木做法若干问题研究

Research on a Number of Questions Concerning Oficial Architectural Engineering Methods in the period from the 14th to the 17th Centuries

本文通过对14—17世纪中国明朝官式建筑与约略同时期的朝鲜李朝建筑在大木技术上的比较研究,尤其是对典型建筑中大木作的分析比较后发现,朝鲜李朝建筑与中国明朝官式建筑,特别是山东曲阜地区建筑在木构技术上有许多相似之处。这一方面是由于李朝与明朝在历史上一直有着密切联系和相互交流;另一方面,李朝时期的统治者十分尊崇儒家学说,朝鲜半岛在地理上又与中国山东地区十分接近,海上交流频繁,在建筑领域也有许多共同之处。本文力图通过对两国木结构建筑之大木构架特征及其发展规律的研究,剖析二者的异同及其形成原因,并藉此为比较研究提供新的视角与切入点。

Through a comparative study of the technology used to handle large timbers in Ming Dynasty Chinese official architecture and in the roughly contemporaneous architecture of Korea (14th-17th century), especially in the context in formal architecture, the author reveals many similarities in timber beam work, especially when Korean architecture is compared with examples of Chinese architecture to be found in the Confucian Temple in the Qufu area of Shandong. These similarities reflect the close relations and interactions constantly maintained between the Chinese and Korean courts, as well as the reverence of the Korean court for Confucian teachings. The Korean peninsula is also very close to Shandong and ocean travel between the two was regular, resulting in architectural similarities. The author analyses the unique features of timber construction of the two countries and the rules governing its development, pointing out similarities and differences, as well as identifying formative factors, thereby providing a new perspective for such comparative research work.