用复合聚醚合成聚合物多元醇及其用于合成硬质聚氨酯泡沫的研究

A Study of the Synthesis of Polymer Polyols with Compounded Polyether and the Synthesis of Rigid PU Foams with the Polymer Polyols

本文采用低分子量聚醚（Ｍｎ＝３００～５００）掺入适量聚醚（Ｍｎ＝３０００），在引发剂作用下接枝丙烯腈、苯乙烯合成低分子聚合物多元醇（ＰＯＰ）。研究了反应温度、反应时间对产物的影响以及合成配比与性能的关系。发现随着低分子量聚醚份量增大，所合成的聚合物多元醇粘度增大，聚醚接枝就更加困难。ＰＯＰ羟值与其平均分子量呈线性关系，平均分子量增加其ＰＯＰ的羟值减小，而粘度则随着羟值的递增而增加。用此低分子量ＰＯＰ合成聚氨酯硬泡，聚醚接枝ＡＮ／Ｓｔ或Ｓｔ后比未接枝聚醚生成的硬泡压缩强度分别提高了４７．８％和６９．７％，全部接枝苯乙烯其硬泡压缩强度更高。

In this paper low molecular polyether ( n=300～500) was compounded with a certain amount of polyether ( n=3000),and with the help of initiator,low molecular polymer polyols was then synthesized by means of grafting acrylate and styrene on the blend.The effects of reaction temperature and time on the product and the relation of formula with the property index were studied.It was found that when the adding amount of low molecular polyether increased,the viscosity of the prepared polymer polyols increased,and the graft onto polyether was more difficult.The hydroxyl value of POP was linear with the average molecular weight of POP,the hydroxyl value decreased when the average molecular weight increased,but the viscosity increased with the increase of the hydroxyl value.In the synthesis of rigid PU foams with the low molecular POP,the compression strength of the foams were 47.8% or 69.7% higher than that of foam with non grafted polyether when the polyether was grafted on with AN/St or St.When the polyether was grafted on all with St,the compression strength of the foam would be much higher,because the rigid group of the benzene ring was favourable for the improvement of the compression strength of the foams.