进化论语境中的中西文化比较——近代以来的一种文化比较模式

Comparison of Eastern and Western Cultures in the Context of Evolutionism ——One of the Patterns of Cultural Comparison since Modern Time

进化论语境中形成的中西文化比较模式,其基本特征为:文化比较负载了引领社会改革和推动进化的使命,具有选择进化目标、路径的价值;运用二元对立的话语模式,形成鲜明的中西文化对照,也造成一系列的偏差;由中西文化比较指向文化综合,开启新的路向。中西文化比较是近代思想启蒙的重要形式,具有复杂的历史作用,并影响到当代人的思想观念。

The patterns of cultural comparison of the east and the west evolutionism reveal some basic characteristics： cultural comparison is not only loaded with the mission which guides social innovation and drives evolution, but also possesses the value of choosing the goal and path of evolution; the adoption of dualistically opposed language pattern leads to the formation of a sharp contrast between eastern and western cultures and a series of deviations; comparison of eastern and western cultures results in cultural integration and opens up a new way. This kind of comparison is the important form of enlightenment in modem time, has complicated historical function and influences the conceptions of contemporary era.